Industry and Audience

Media studies are split into four sections-
-Media language
-Representations
-Audience
-Industry

Production is the process of how a media product is made
Distribution is how a media product is given out

News distribution-
Social media
News apps
Newspapers

We live in a digitally convergent world, you can use your phone to watch films, listen to music and play games.

An institution is something with a usp and it's own ideologies.

Vertical integration is where an organisation owns the different parts of production process.
Horizontal integration is where an organisation owns other organisations with the same function.

James Curran and Jean Seaton- Power and Media industries

Diversity is in the public interest- but modern societies suffer from from collective attentive deficit disorders, the public interest has to work harder to be noticed and we need agile but resourceful media to do this.

We do not have this.

Curran and Seaton believe that media industries are driven by power and profit, this leads to a lack of diversity, with only a small group of people in power. This limits the competition, creativity and quality and leads to a monopoly.

Diversity is a variety of different, beliefs, ideologies and representation.

A monopoly is a company which owns more than 25% of a sector.

The regulation of media industries in the uk is highly ineffective.

Sonia Livingston and Peter Hunt- Regulation

The increasing power of global media corporations together with the rise of convergent media and technologies and transformations in the production, distribution and marketing of digital media have placed traditional approaches to media regulation at risk.

Digital convergence

Newspapers in the uk are largely self regulated, they're allowed to print mainly whatever they please with certain restrictions.

IPSO is the company that regulates news and press standards. It was set up as a replacement for another organisation as a result of the phone hacking standard.

The IPSO guidelines are extremely vague and up for interpretation.

1. Accuracy

i) The Press must take care not to publish inaccurate, misleading or distorted information or images, including headlines not supported by the text.

ii) A significant inaccuracy, misleading statement or distortion must be corrected, promptly and with due prominence, and — where appropriate — an apology published. In cases involving IPSO, due prominence should be as required by the regulator. 

iii) A fair opportunity to reply to significant inaccuracies should be given, when reasonably called for.

iv) The Press, while free to editorialise and campaign, must distinguish clearly between comment, conjecture and fact.

v) A publication must report fairly and accurately the outcome of an action for defamation to which it has been a party, unless an agreed settlement states otherwise, or an agreed statement is published.

5. *Reporting Suicide

When reporting suicide, to prevent simulative acts care should be taken to avoid excessive detail of the method used, while taking into account the media's right to report legal proceedings

3. *Harassment

i) Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit.

ii) They must not persist in questioning, telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on property when asked to leave and must not follow them. If requested, they must identify themselves and whom they represent.

iii)  Editors must ensure these principles are observed by those working for them and take care not to use non-compliant material from other sources.